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How Ethics Influence Behavior in Organizations - 1010 Words

HOW ETHICS INFLUENCE BEHAVIOR IN ORGANIZATIONS In reality, there are some specific regulations governing our lives. However, regulations do not restrain everything. In some aspects, ethics play a much more important role than regulations. Ethics is â€Å"the code of moral values or principles that governs the behaviors of a person or group with respect to what is right or wrong† (Daft amp; Armstrong, 2012, p.369). Unethical behavior is very common in organizations. When people need to make a decision, unethical behavior may appear, especially when decision choices conflict with one’s self-interests. The Enron Scandal is a very interesting topic to better understand what are some responses organizations may have to unethical behavior.†¦show more content†¦Second, they duped their employees. Thousands of employees invested their savings and pensions in the company’s share market, while executives of Enron were actually selling their shares because they saw the deteriorating performance of Enron. Between 1999 and mid 2000, when Enron shares were increasing on the stock market in New York, 29 members of the company’s management received a total amount of 1.1billion US dollars by selling a total of 77.3 million shares (The Ninth International Conference â€Å"Investments and Economic Recovery†, May 22 – 23, 2009). Lastly, they affect many people who are not part of their company too. Enron was a poor role model because they were a prime example of a company using unethical methods to profit, although they eventually failed. Also, their business model wasn’t one other companies should adopt because of Enron’s unethical behavior. Enron’s failure is not only because its executives’ unethical decision making, but also the problem of its organizational structure. Enron is a vertical structure dominated organization, they have specialized tasks for every employee and department, and their decision making is highly centralized. That leaves the potential opportunity for their executives to make wrongful decision without being found out. Building on an unethical decision, like Enron did, can escalate into a snowball effect. This is because of deferring the problems over and over until it is notShow MoreRelatedThe Ethics Of The New Employees964 Words   |  4 PagesThe role of the leaders is to influence their followers by demonstrating to them the behaviors and the boundaries that are set within the organization. Some of the appropriate and desired behaviors are nurtured through the company’s culture and socialization process of the new employees (Francesca, 2016). The new employees learn a lot of thing about the organization through watching their leaders in action. Therefore, when the leaders have failed to â€Å"walk the talk,† also, their juniors are likelyRead MoreOrganizational Behavior Terminology And Concepts Essay1033 Words   |  5 PagesOrganizational Behavior Terminology and Concepts There are many important factors that are involved and contribute to organizations survival and success. Organizational behavior, culture, diversity, communication, business ethics and change management are some of the key concepts which are essential as I list and explain below with some examples from past experiences. Organizational Behavior Studying the psychological and sociological behaviors of single and groups of individuals in organizations is aRead MoreBusiness Ethics, Leadership, And Business Relationships972 Words   |  4 PagesBusiness Ethics Samuel .A. Amah Columbia Southern University Abstract The reflection paper critically examines business ethics, leadership, and business relationships and how they are interrelated and contribute to an organization’s overall culture. Key highlights include; the impact of trade relationships within an origination, how different leadership style affect ethical practices, effects of ethics on the overall culture of an organization, writers approach to business ethics and theRead MoreThe Leader s Ethical Values Influence Leadership Style Essay1658 Words   |  7 Pages Would it amaze you if you discovered that ethics and leadership style are correlated? The leaders come from various industries for instance, public, private, government, and non-profit/for-profit. The leader’s ethical values influence leadership style. The research suggests that the transformational leadership style is established on deontological ethics whereas transactional leadership is based on teleological ethics. Leader values and transformational/ transactional leadership suggest thatRead MorePaper: Belief, Truth, and Positive Organizational Deviance806 Words   |  3 PagesOrganizational Behavior, Social Psychology, Empirical Legal Studies. Summary This paper focuses on the organizational behavior construct of organizational deviance. This occurs when an organizations customs, policies, or internal regulations  are violated  by an  individual  or a group that may jeopardize the well-being of the organization or its citizens.  (Parks, Jones,   Hughey, 2011). The paper examines reasons why the law fails to constrain illegally consequential behavior within organizations. InRead MoreEthics : Ethical And Unethical Behavior Essay1183 Words   |  5 PagesWebster Dictionary ethics are â€Å"rules of behavior based on ideas about what is morally good and bad; an area of study that deals with ideas about what is good and bad behavior: a branch of philosophy dealing with what is morally right or wrong†. There is more to ethics than the simple definition. To understand ethics one must define what is ethical and unethical behavior in the workplace and it importance, prescriptive approaches, psychological approaches, whi stle-blowers, and ethics as organizationalRead MoreMoral Ethics And Values Based Dilemmas871 Words   |  4 PagesMoral ethics and values-based dilemmas are ethical principles that difficult to handle at a workplace when employees have to choose what is wrong and right according to their own ethics. An effective ethics program must complement the values of the organization along with the values in the law. Good ethical behavior for any business is always a fundamental to its success. The main key for business owners and managements is to ensure all employees understand all the ethics. This paper discusses howRead MoreBusiness Ethics And Virtue Ethics1277 Words   |  6 PagesBusiness Ethics and Virtue Ethics There are many things that make a company unique and successful. 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Predictors Of Malaria Parasite Prevalence Health Essay Free Essays

Recent advancement in malaria control such as increased handiness and coverage of several intercessions, including insecticide-treated bed cyberspaces ( ITNs ) , effectual instance direction with Artemisinin-based combination therapy, indoor residuary crop-dusting of families, and intermittent preventative intervention IPT for pregnant adult females, is thought to hold reduced disease load. Targets have been set by the United Nations, the World Health Organization ( WHO ) and the Roll Back Malaria Partnership to increase coverage of control steps, cut down the figure of malaria instances and deceases by 75 % or more by 2015, and extinguish malaria in several states ( 2,4 ) . With expanded malaria control plans, several states in Africa have documented big and sustained lessenings in the load of disease ( 2 ) . We will write a custom essay sample on Predictors Of Malaria Parasite Prevalence Health Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now In parts that have achieved low degrees of transmittal, farther malaria control and riddance will necessitate that intercessions are non merely incorporated into national control plans and accepted and used by persons, but that symptomatic- and asymptomatic-infected individuals, particularly under 5 kids be identified and treated. Zambia is one of 11 states in sub-Saharan Africa that achieved a greater than 50 % decrease in the figure of malaria instances between 2000 and 2009 ( 2 ) . The prevalence of parasitemia in kids younger than five old ages of age decreased by 53 % between the malaria index studies in 2006 and 2008, except for Northern Province which is still demoing high malaria parasitaemia figures in under 5s of ( 6 ) . Among kids who are feverish, the proportion with the malaria parasites in their blood may transcend 50 % ( 1 ) while family studies among seemingly healthy kids have reported parasitemia degrees of between 10- 30 % ( 7 ) .This has deduction for diagnosing and instance direction, as undue trust on febrility and organic structure temperature lift as opposed to parasitaemia may overlook many instances of malaria which can do desperate wellness effects for the kid ( 9 ) .Apparently healthy kids in malaria endemic parts may harbour the parasite in their blood and these kids may still endure the long term sequalae of the disease such as cognitive damage and acrobatics ( 8 ) ( 9 ) . In add-on to its utility as grounds base for intervention, finding malaria parasitemia in under 5s is besides a step of malaria endemicity ( 10 ) . For these grounds it is of import to find the degree of parasitemia in any vicinity. In Zambia, malaria parasitaemia in kids under five fell from 22 % in 2006 to 10 % in 2008, but so increased once more to 17 % in 2010. The prevalence of terrible anaemia ( Hb A ; lt ; 8g/dl ) in kids under five declined from 14 % ( 2006 ) to 4.3 % ( 2008 ) , but so up swinged once more to 9.2 % ( 2010 ) . The account for this upswing in malaria prevalence and anaemia is non clear ( Zambia National Malaria Indictor Survey 2010 ) . Furthermore, Mpika territory in Northern Province has a revealing image, showed a drastic addition from 12 % 2008 to 23.6 % 2010 in prevalence of malaria parasitaemia in kids under five ( 5 ) The load of malaria differs among different sections of the community. For case the frequence of febrility episodes and the prevalence of parasitemia vary between rural and urban countries ( 8 ) .This has been related to differences in community patterns. Whereas in urban centres, episodes of febrility are likely to be reported to public wellness Centres for intervention, in rural countries interventions are started with traditional redresss at place and wellness centres are merely consulted when the traditional redresss fail ( 9, 10 ) .Also poorness is an of import factor in malaria and the rural hapless are more likely to be nescient of preventative steps, less likely to entree prompt intervention and their kids are more likely to be ill nourished. In add-on, engendering sites for the mosquito vector are more abundant in the rural countries increasing the strength of transmittal ( 11 ) . The possible part of KAP surveies to malaria research and control has non received much attending in most Southern African states ( 12 ) . In Northern Province of Zambia, this is the first survey that will transport out to supply baseline informations about malaria related cognition, attitude and patterns among primary health professionals. Although many surveies in Tanzania and other African states have linked socio-economic and behavioural factors, community cognition, attitudes and patterns with malaria ( 13-19 ) , fewer surveies have been able to set up such a nexus between these factors and malaria epidemics. An apprehension of cognition, attitudes and patterns among primary health professionals and designation of the chief factors that influences malaria intervention and protective behaviors during epidemics is hence of import in the design and execution of appropriate malaria epidemic control schemes. Despite good cognition about malaria transmittal, marks and symptoms, interv ention and control in some surveies, this survey purpose to uncover grounds of cognition spreads about malaria by some primary health professionals in rural Mpika. A KAP survey done in Tanzania, some respondents reported that malaria is transmitted through imbibing contaminated/unboiled H2O, remaining in the Sun and working in rain. It is really surprising that in this survey and others in malaria endemic states, a important proportion of respondents associated malaria with imbibing contaminated H2O or other wrong causes. An even higher per centum of respondents gave the same responses in a survey conducted in Uganda ( 20 ) and in another similar survey in Zimbabwe ( 18 ) . Similar responses were besides reported in rural countries of West Africa ( 21-22 ) . Further, in line with two surveies in West Africa ( 20-22 ) , there was besides a failure by most respondents in Muleba territory to tie in anemia and icterus with malaria which in bend could take to failure to acknowledge malar ia instances and hence failure to seek appropriate wellness attention. With respects to steps to forestall malaria, there were perceptual experiences that ITNs are harmful to the wellness of users and more peculiarly to pregnant female parents ( 22 ) . Evidence of cognition spreads on malaria has been reported by other surveies. Winch and his co-workers found that people in Bagamoyo territory in Tanzania failed to tie in terrible malaria ( paroxysms ) in kids, terrible anemia and malaria in gestation with malaria which in bend lead to people ‘s failure to admit the full load and therefore public wellness importance of the disease in the country ( 24 ) . The cognition spreads revealed in this survey hence indicates that some people might hold opted for unsound steps of malaria control and protection and therefore contributed to the increased figure of malaria instances observed during the epidemic. In decision, these findings show that in order to accomplish the needed degrees of acceptance of malaria control measures, more accent should be placed on planing and execution of effectual wellness instruction intercessions that will turn to cognition spreads on malaria among communities and finally among primary health professionals of kids under 5 old ages of age. 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Master in Public Health for Policy Development- myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theMaster in Public Health for Policy Development. Answer: Introduction Public health is about the encompassing of multiple disciplines of healthcare such as anthropology, biology, medicine, education and public health (Lawlor et al., 2015). I feel that the leadership in the public health activities is important for achieving the success of the program. I feel that the effective leadership in this domain would lead to an improvement in the communitys outcomes through increased education, more disease prevention and enhancement of the current policy development. The public health needs good leadership so that there is overall improvement of the health care delivery system. Discussion Leadership issues in public healthcare The leadership is important for implementing as well as sustaining the different levels of public health programs (Bowling, 2014). The leaders are the people with great vision and they have a different status quo (Stanhope Lancaster, 2015). The leaders are grounded with varying levels of values and they have different levels of implementing them. I wonder that public health practice would be incomplete without effective leadership. I have observed that the basic challenge of public health lies in the prevention and equity of health services. There is issue with the vaccine availability, in which there is need for adequate leadership skills (Betancourt et al., 2016). I have seen that there are leadership issues in the smallpox vaccination and there are issues with the availability of heath for all. This has led me to think about the leadership issues in public health and how it can be solved. Relevance of leadership in public health practice There are issues with the effective use of the public health information, which is one of the duties of the public health leader. The leadership is needed in the areas of serious infection, Ebola virus, HIV and others (Aarons et al., 2014). I feel that the leadership issue is vital to the smooth functioning of the public health practice. I feel that the leaders are responsible for communicating the changing perception of public health to the society. It is important to use the health care delivery system for the prevention of diseases and this task should be done by the health care worker (World Health Organization 2015). The public health managers should display adequate leadership skills so that they can improve the public health awareness and public health research (Brownson et al., 2017). I have witnessed the fact that the leadership is not adequate as it doesnt fulfill the challenges of changed health care scenario. I have seen that the public health leaders do not take adequate research on the health care activities and hence there have been global issues in the public health domain. Reflection on the implications of leadership in public health The leadership is important in the areas of public health since it is important to change the public perceptions of the population concerning the various health issues. I feel that an inadequate public health leadership would not help in reducing the disease burden of the community. I feel that the leadership loopholes would prevent in enhancing the health standards of the entire population and there would be lack of medical facilities in especially rural areas. I have noticed the fact that the public health managers are in the need of constant upheaval. The leaders are responsible for heath reforms in the near future but if there is improper leadership, then there would be issues with the reform of the public health scenario. My opinions are that the public health leadership is important in future as this would lead to higher systematic as well as technical situation of the public health. I feel that it is not only important to improve the range of managerial and technical acumen so that the leaders can display accurate organizational expertise. Conclusion Ifeel that the public health leadership is in a rudimentary stage with the need of in-depth requirement of the creation of leadership competency framework. The leadership is concerned with the shared vision, and the act of motivating others. I have understood the fact that it is important to enhance the public health leadership so that the public health goals are fulfilled. Challenges faced during the evaluation of public health programs Introduction The effective evaluation of the public health programs is responsible for improvement of the overall framework of public health in the countries (Drummond et al., 2015). The objective of the public health programs is to control the outbreak of diseases and reduce the instances of disability, injury and even death. I felt that the program evaluation is important for increasing the impact of the public health outcomes. However, I have observed that there are several challenges that are faced by the practitioners, which prevent the actual evaluation of the public health program. Discussion Evaluation issues in public health programs The public health evaluation program is aimed at the demonstration of the accountability to a wide variety of stakeholders, who would include policymakers, local agencies, community leaders and others that would implement the concerned programs (Cummins et al., 2016). The lack of program evaluation would not help in the reduction of mortality and morbidity. It would also be unknown if the money spent for program evaluation is being done effectively (Royse, Thyer Padgett, 2015). However, there is often lack of tools for checking of the health care programs. I have found that there are several challenges when it comes to measuring the outcomes of the healthcare programs. It is difficult to measure the project outcomes like the modifications in the community norms. There are also challenges concerning the measurement regarding the prevention of the health care program (Loeppke et al., 2015). The ultimate outcome of the programs may not be known and hence it may be an issue for evaluati on of the health programs. The public health program has multifactorial nature, which implies that the public health issue has multiple contributing factors such as environmental determinants, economic drivers, genetic influences and others (Grembowski, 2015). I have learnt the fact the public health programs has may stakeholders and they have different perspectives which make them to view the public health programs in a different manner. Relevance of evaluation in public health programs The evaluation of the public health programs is important to know if the program has met its desired objectives or not. The public health programs need to be implemented well and hence it is important to evaluate them on a regular basis (Wilkinson et al., 2016). The program effectiveness is a serious concern and I feel that evaluation is one of the most important mediums to do so. I feel that there are several issues while the cost effectiveness of the public health programs are difficult to manage. There are instances when the financial records of the health programs are difficult to find and hence they are difficult to evaluate. The value of the public health programs would be measured in terms of cost efficiency and hence it is important to monitor them on a regular basis. Reflection on the implications of evaluation issues in public health The lack of evaluation of the public health programs would prevent the program to reach its desired objectives. I have felt that in the absence of adequate evaluation tools, the public health care facility of the rural population would not going to improve. I strongly feel that the public health programs should be strongly customized to be implemented in the rural scenario. I have also felt that the public health programs would be useless in the long run, if there is no evaluation measures in the long run. There would be loss of the financial resources, if the concerned public health program is not evaluated well. Conclusion The public health programs should be evaluated on a regular basis so that the program meets its pre determined objectives. The evaluation criteria are important so that the health program stays on track and it has smooth execution. I have decided that I would devise suitable tools so that I am able to evaluate the health care programs. This would enhance the evaluation patterns of the health care program. References Aarons, G. A., Ehrhart, M. G., Farahnak, L. R., Sklar, M. (2014). Aligning leadership across systems and organizations to develop a strategic climate for evidence-based practice implementation.Annual Review of Public Health,35. Betancourt, J. R., Green, A. R., Carrillo, J. E., Owusu Ananeh-Firempong, I. I. (2016). Defining cultural competence: a practical framework for addressing racial/ethnic disparities in health and health care.Public health reports. Bowling, A. (2014).Research methods in health: investigating health and health services. McGraw-Hill Education (UK). Brownson, R. C., Baker, E. A., Deshpande, A. D., Gillespie, K. N. (2017).Evidence-based public health. Oxford University Press. Cummins, S., Ogilvie, D., White, M., Petticrew, M., Jones, A., Goodwin, D., ... Mapp, F. (2016). National Evaluation of the Healthy Communities Challenge Fund: The Healthy Towns Programme in England. Drummond, M. F., Sculpher, M. J., Claxton, K., Stoddart, G. L., Torrance, G. W. (2015).Methods for the economic evaluation of health care programmes. Oxford university press. Grembowski, D. (2015).The practice of health program evaluation. Sage Publications. Lawlor, E. F., Kreuter, M. W., Sebert-Kuhlmann, A. K., McBride, T. D. (2015). Methodological innovations in public health education: transdisciplinary problem solving.American journal of public health,105(S1), S99-S103. Loeppke, R. R., Hohn, T., Baase, C., Bunn, W. B., Burton, W. N., Eisenberg, B. S., ... Hymel, P. A. (2015). Integrating health and safety in the workplace: how closely aligning health and safety strategies can yield measurable benefits.Journal of occupational and environmental medicine,57(5), 585-597. Royse, D., Thyer, B. A., Padgett, D. K. (2015).Program evaluation: An introduction to an evidence-based approach. Cengage Learning. Stanhope, M., Lancaster, J. (2015).Public Health Nursing-E-Book: Population-Centered Health Care in the Community. Elsevier Health Sciences. Wilkinson, G. W., Mason, T., Hirsch, G., Calista, J. L., Holt, L., Toledo, J., Zotter, J. (2016). Community health worker integration in health care, public health, and policy: a partnership model.The Journal of ambulatory care management,39(1), 2-11. World Health Organization. (2015).Health Worker Role in Providing Safe Abortion Care and Post Abortion Contraception. World Health Organization. Bibliography Albritton, E., Edmunds, M., Thomas, V., Petersen, D., Ferry, G., Brach, C., Bergofsky, L. (2014). Engaging Stakeholders to Improve the Quality of Childrens Health Care.Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, July. Brownson, R. C., Baker, E. A., Deshpande, A. D., Gillespie, K. N. (2017).Evidence-based public health. Oxford University Press. Issel, L. M., Wells, R. (2017).Health program planning and evaluation. Jones Bartlett Learning. Kindig, D. A., Isham, G. (2014). Population health improvement: A community health business model that engages partners in all sectors.Frontiers of health services management,30(4), 3-20. Shickle, D., Day, M., Smith, K., Zakariasen, K., Moskol, J., Oliver, T. (2014). Mind the public health leadership gap: the opportunities and challenges of engaging high-profile individuals in the public health agenda.Journal of Public Health,36(4), 562-567. Spiegelman, D. (2016). Evaluating public health interventions: 2. Stepping up to routine public health evaluation with the stepped wedge design.American journal of public health,106(3), 453-457. Vedung, E. (2017).Public policy and program evaluation. Routledge.

Recruitment Methods free essay sample

The most appropriate recruitment methods for shop management trainees are business college recruitment and job fair. For college recruitment, first, the salary for college students are cheap, it saves the cost of recruitment. Also, students has high learning ability and enthusiastic attitude, they are willing to learn, therefore, they are easier to train. Besides, some undergraduates and postgraduates are specialized in management in a business college, I. G. Boutique can recruit among qualified applicants. Furthermore, recruit colleges as management trainees can create sense of belongingness among employees, they have potential to be a future manager in the company. For job fair, as many employers in a job fair come from professional association, it attracts abundant applicants especially fresh graduates from different colleges to apply job there. Also, I. G. Boutique don’t have to contribute staff to organize the job fair as the sponsor will organize it. It help them saving cost and resources. We will write a custom essay sample on Recruitment Methods or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The most appropriate selection methods for shop management trainees are interest, values and preference inventories and group interview. For interest, values and preference inventories, as I. G. Boutique want to be cost effective in training management trainees, they will definitely want outstanding trainees to stay and become the future manager. Therefore, it’s better to choose interested and qualified applicants because they have a higher chance to stay. This method can assess the interest of applicants prefer to do both on and off the job so that the employees can measure the occupational interest and chose the enthusiastic and stable applicants. For group interview, a group of candidates are given a case to solve, through the process of discussion, interviewer can access the leadership skills and communication skills of candidates which are essential element for management trainees. As different selection methods are used in selecting management trainees and there are even multiple selection methods, assessment center can be used as it provides different selection methods. As management trainees are trained to be future mangers, they are potential high-level jobs, it’s better to assess their leadership and communication skills in more accurate selection method. As assessment center form by a group of professional, KSAOs can be measure more accurate. The most appropriate recruitment methods for window display designer are design association recruitment and employment agencies. For design association recruitment, as the members of the association are specialized in design, I. G. Boutique can recruit among qualified applicants. Also, some experienced members have they own designer network, they will refer the recruitment to suitable designer. That is an indirect effect by using the network of the members. Besides, some design association publish magazine as well, we have higher recognition which attract readers to read the website where I. G. Boutique post the advertisement. For employment agencies, they will search suitable applicants and send the CV to I. G. Boutique, then, I. G. Boutique are able to choose the best among the suitable applicants. The most appropriate selection methods for window display designer are performance test and panel interview. For performance test, the applicants are asked to do immediate performance like to do a window display immediately in a given resources, the interviewer can measure the quality and the style of the candidates whether it suits the theme of the boutique or not. For panel interview, though the process of chatting with the panel, the interviewer can access whether applicants are agree with the design style requirement of panels. As window display designers give a first impression of the Boutique, it is very important whether the image fix the expression of the whole branch of the boutique. The most appropriate recruitment methods for general clerk are state job services and online recruitment. For state job service, it is secure as it is organized by the state. It is suitable for low to middle level of employees as I. G. Boutique is not as large enough to have its own human resources department, it saves cost for the boutique. For online recruitment, it can attract more job seekers as they can check the internet anytime and anywhere. Also, it is convenience that applicants can send CV easily by enjoying the sending CV system provided by the online recruitment agency. The most appropriate selection methods for general clerk are performance test such as typing test and in- basket exercises. For performance test, the interviewer can access the actual performance of the applicants by providing a typing test. It is more accurate to measure the quality and level of the applicants. For example, a typing test can not only measure the typing speed, but also the accuracy of the typing. For in-baskets exercises, as general clerk has many tasks to do and their work content is mainly related to the filing like memorandum, phone calls and letters that require a response, therefore, the clerk should be able to arrange the tasks according to the priority, in- baskets exercises provide a chance for the interviewer to test the scheduling ability of the interviewers. The most appropriate recruitment methods for sales are online recruitment and internal recruitment. For online recruitment, the applicants can access the internet anywhere and anytime, it is convenience for them to apply. Also, Internet becomes a very popular tool for searching jobs, posting a job on internet increase the exposure of the jobs. It can increase the number of applicants. Besides, online recruitment is convenience for job seekers as they can simply click a few buttons then apply the job successfully. For example, some online recruitment platforms require the users to fill in the resume, once the users find their favor jobs, they can click a few buttons, and then the system will automatically send the resume to the employees. Furthermore, online posting is more cost effective as they are much loose in limitation of job description. They can hold a longer time a a cheaper cost. For internal recruitment, it is cheap in cost and fast in time. Because it requires relatively less cost-consuming advertisements and procedures like directly posting on the organization website or sending internal mass mail or even sticking a note. Also, it can create a better internal reputation and image like promoting an experienced sale to a whole new branch as a full time sale. Besides, internal recruitment ensure the quality of the employees as they have been worked for the boutique for a certain period of time, they understand the operation of the boutique. This method is reliable. The most appropriate selection methods for sales are individual interview and job knowledge test. For individual interview, the interviewer can assess the communication skills of the applicants like language fluency as well as the attitude like politeness. It also allows the interviewer to inform the interviewees the job content of the position. For a job knowledge test, the interviewer can test the understanding of the applicants as a sale, if the applicant is experienced, it saves the cost and resource of training. The most appropriate recruitment methods for delivery man are state job services and college recruitment in specialized driving school. For state job services, it is more secure as it is organized by government. Also, it is suitable for low-middle employees who don’t have their own human resources departments. For college recruitment in a specialized driving school, as they are qualified and potential job seekers, recruiting among a qualified pool saves the time of searching qualified candidates. The most appropriate selection methods for delivery man are motor work sample test and performance test. For motor work sample test, the applicants are asked to demonstrate in front of the interviewer to test the actual ability of the candidates. As delivery man need to manipulate the motor, it is very important to test the stability of the candidates in actual situation. For performance test, the applicants are asked to perform in front of the interviewer of how communicate with the consumers once arrive the consumer’s location. Communication skill and attitude are require for handling consumers.

buy custom A Correlation Between Information Technology Access and Economic Development essay

buy custom A Correlation Between Information Technology Access and Economic Development essay There is a correlation between information technology access and economic development. However, in the developing world, there exist disparities in terms of information technology access between developed and the less developed world. Moreover, in the less developed world; these differences are reflected between urban and rural areas, with urban areas being prioritised to get access to information technology. These differences result from unethical practices by governments and influential political elites who influence the way access to information technology is distributed in their countries for their personal gains. People in the rural areas are deemed as not being in need of information technology thereby discriminating against them. Access of information in the less developed world is dependent on education level and income. People with good education have a good income, which enable them to access information technology. Moreover, their education levels enable them to use the information to better their lives. The gap in technological advancement between the developed and the less developed countries has posed a major ethical issue in the world. Businesses in the less developed world, in their attempt to match the competition in the world market have used unethical practices such as information gathering through dubious means such as spying and violating property rights. Such practices raise questions as to whether new ethical measures need to be put in place. However, what is more important is for the governments of these less developed countries to cultivate a culture of ethical practices in their nations in the whole population without discrimination. A case in India has been used to show-case how non-discriminatory policies in distributing information technology infrastructure have transformed farmers in different villages. The farmers have access to information on new farming practices and prices in different markets. This enables them to make informed decisions thereby transforming their lives. Buy custom A Correlation Between Information Technology Access and Economic Development essay

The Arguments For and Against Giving Sentencing Discounts Where There Essay

The Arguments For and Against Giving Sentencing Discounts Where There is a Guilty Plea - Essay Example Other arguments against sentencing discounts include the dangers of innocent defendant’s pleading guilty out of fear that he or she might be convicted at trial and receive the maximum penalty. It has also been argued, that the practice of permitting a reduced sentence in exchange for a guilty plea is an inducement which is essentially a violation of procedural justice. 4 This paper provides a critical analysis of arguments for and against sentencing discounts in exchange for a guilty plea. After weighing both sides of the argument, this research study agrees that the practice of awarding a reduction in sentencing when a defendant enters a guilty plea should be retained. This paper is divided into three parts. The first part of this paper provides an overview of the practice of sentencing discounting when a defendant pleads guilty. ... However, a common theme in practice is the fact that a number of factors influence the magnitude of the discount. Some of the most common factors is the time when the guilty plea is entered and the â€Å"extent to which the plea spared vulnerable witnesses† the necessity of having to testify. 6 In England and Wales, defendants who plead guilty early on can expect a sentence discount of up to 30 per cent. However, defendants who plead guilty at the start of the trial can expect to receive a smaller discount. The usual discount for a guilty plea at the beginning of a trial is no more than 10 per cent.7 It would therefore appear that the sentencing discounts practice operates as a reward for pleading guilty and foregoing formal adjudication. Although no actual negotiation of sentence is conducted with the judge, the defendant essentially foregoes the right to a formal adjudication in exchange for a reduced sentence.8 Sentencing discounts are not automatic however. For instance in Landy, the Court of Appeal held that a sentence discount is not guaranteed where a defendant who pleads guilty has been â€Å"caught red-handed† or the evidence against the defendant is overwhelming.9 However, the Court of Appeals ruling appears to contradict the main premise for awarding a discount in exchange for a guilty plea: the efficient administration of justice as it allows the courts to dispense with a case more quickly and turn its attention to other cases.10 Regardless of whether a defendant is caught red-handed or not or the evidence against him or her is overwhelming, the defendant is entitled to a trial. By pleading guilty, the defendant is waiving his/her right to a fair trial and is freeing the court’s calendar

NASA's Mission to Asteroid Bennu Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

NASA's Mission to Asteroid Bennu - Essay Example Basically, the question being asked by the project, that they hope to answer is â€Å"can you go to an asteroid, collect material, and bring it back to earth?† (Algar, Jim â€Å"NASA Gets Go-Ahead To Build Spacecraft for Space Sampling Mission†)/ This paper will look deeper into the relevance of the mission to Bennu, the current status of the project, and finally, make conclusions about the possible success or failure of the space mission. This will be done by presenting the latest facts about the mission as taken from the latest news and scientific reports / updates related to the 2016 space mission. In order to fully grasp the importance of the mission to Asteroid Bennu, the public must first understand the key mission objectives of the project. All of which are crucial to the continued study of planet and life preservation on Earth. These mission objectives are: Having received financing and support from the government to implement the project, NASA has begun to develop the spacecraft that will be used for this unmanned mission. Known as the Origins, Spectral Interpretation Resource Identification Security Regolith Explorer, OSIRIS REx for short the unmanned explorer was approved at the Mission Design Critical Review at Lockheed Martin Space Systems Company in Ohio this April (Myles, Robert â€Å"NASAs Asteroid Sample Mission Gets Go-Ahead†). With a planned launch date in the Fall of 2016, the craft is expected to rendezvous with the 493 meter asteroid in 2018. OSIRUS - REx will have 5 onboard instruments meant to help with data and sample collection. A task that is expected to last at least one year. The samples and data will then take a 5 year trip back to earth where NASA will collect the samples and other onboard data for long term experimentation, research, and study well into the 2020s (Myles, Robert â€Å"NASAs Asteroid Sampl e Mission

The Possitive and Negative Effects of the Death Penalty Essay

The Possitive and Negative Effects of the Death Penalty - Essay Example Recently, the debate over the use of the death penalty has become highly contentious, and its use as a form of punishment has decreased across the nation (Katz, Livett and Shustorovich 318). For example, most of the executions that occurred during 2002 occurred in the South of the USA, with Texas accounting for three times as many executions as those carried out in the West, Midwest and Northeast altogether. Overall, most states did not use the death penalty during 2002. Currently, the debate focuses on the availability of empirical evidence, and discourse on ethics and morality, to determine whether the death penalty should, or should not, remain as a punishment alternative. This paper aims to review the arguments of the death penalty debate. Firstly, the arguments For the use of capital punishment shall be outlined. Secondly, the arguments Against the use of the death penalty shall be presented. Finally, a conclusion shall synthesize the main arguments and make recommendations for future research. A dominant argument for the use of the death penalty is that the highest interest for a society is to prevent the deviant behavior of murder, and so the strongest punishment should be employed to deter the potential for murder to occur (Death Penalty Curricula for High School). According to this reasoning, the death of those who do commit murder will motivate other potential murderers to re-think their actions, as they will fear the loss of their own life. The arguments For the death penalty contend also, that although many studies show the results of the deterrent hypothesis to be inconclusive, that this may well be because the punishment is so infrequently used, due to the long process involved to actually carry out an execution (Katz, Livett and Shustorovich 318). It is postulated that the US states that utilize the death penalty would have much higher rates of murder if they did not use this form of punishment at all. Also, the arguments focus on the ability for capital punishme nt to deter those who are executed for murder, not only as a protection for the public, but also for other prisoners and staff who work within the prison system (Death Penalty Curricula for High School). Ultimately, it is contended, as a form of permanent incapacitation the death penalty aids in crime prevention and so the protection of society. An in-depth study by Isaac Ehlich is often pointed to as providing proof that murder rates change when there is the likelihood of losing one's life for the crime (Ehlich [a] 32). Ehlich concluded that as many as 7 or 8 murders were prevented through the use of capital punishment in the USA, during the period from 1933 to 1967 (Ehlich [b] 15). Furthermore, to support Ehlich's findings, a study in England by Wolpin found that for every execution, there was a reduction, on average, of four other

Unilateral Decision Making in Human Resources

Unilateral Decision Making in Human Resources Human resource management is a series of activities which first enable working people and the organisation which uses their skills to agree about the objectives and nature of their working relationship and secondly, ensure that the agreement is fulfilled Torrington and Hall (2002: 13). There has been an argument about who are the decision makers in the organisation. Is it the Management who are responsible for strategy forming and implementing the strategy or is it the employees who are the life line of the organisation who have the knowledge about the product. Who are best capable of making the decisions? In the essay there is the discussion about the various perspectives and the way decisions are taken. A brief introduction of three types of perspective: Unitary Perspective: A Unitary perspective has one source of authority and one focus of loyalty, which is why it suggests team analogy. Each accepts his place and his functions gladly, following the leadership of the one so appointed. Fox (1966) ( pg 2). Pluralistic Perspective: A Pluralist frame of reference recognises that the legitimacy and justification of trade union in our society rests not upon their protective function in labour markets or upon their success, real or supposed, in raising the share enjoyed by their members, but on social values which recognise the right of interest-group to combine and have an effective voice in their own destiny. This means having a voice in decision making. Marxist Perspective: the Marxist perspective sees the process and institution of joint regulation as an enhancement rather that reduction in managements position; at best they provide only limited and temporary accommodation of the inherent and fundamental division within capitalist based work and social structure. In the essay we would be concentrating more on unitary perspective and pluralistic perspective as they have closer relevance to the statement/argument. The essay gives the outline of how various perspectives effect the decision making process. The effects of various factors on factors like employee relations, employee contract, job regulations, and perspectives have been discussed representing them with a few examples. The corporation is the master, the employee is the servant. Because the corporation owns the means of production without which the employee could not make a living, the employee needs the corporation more than vice versa. Peter Drucker Business Capitalism Work Management regards its own unilateral decision-making over Human Resource issue as legitimate and rational; any opposition to it, either internal or external to the organisation, is seen as irrational. Managements unilateral decision making over Human Resource issue is legitimate and rational can be accepted only if the employer and employee feel that they are one big family (unitary perspective). As fox has summarised that the unitary perspective can be justified when employees and employers have a common goal and objective i.e., to maximise the success of the organisation and workers willingly accept to obey the decision taken by the management. Armstrong (1999) says that the philosophy of Human Resource Management with its emphasis on commitment and mutuality is based on the unitary perspective.fox also states that in unitary perspective there are no teams. Nor are they any outside it; the team stands alone, the members (employees) have an obligation of loyalty to their leader Fox (1966) (p.03). Therefore from the above references it is clear that the decision taken by the management is legitimate and rational and its the duty of the employees to follow it without opposing it. The employers are responsible for the effective running of the organisation and they would have a long term plans of the organisation and the decisions would be taken according to the company vision and objectives. The employees need to understand that the employers would always think to better the company and maximize the profits, opposing decisions taken by them would not only be disloyalty shown towards the organisation but also unethical practise to go against the people who have provided them with food and shelter which are the basic needs (Maslows hierarchy). The above statement is very strong in countries like India where the trade unions have more political view than the welfare of the members of the trade unions. The trade unions go on strikes just to overpower the management. States like West Bengal where the trade unions have the upper hand to the management. That is the main reason why no multinational company wants to set up their base in west Bengal. Whereas states like Karnataka where the unions are discouraged have come up because the IT industry does not encourage trade unions. It may not affect the Industry, but there would be change in the perception and image of the industry if trade unions are introduced. We must seriously consider whether it is the right time to have trade unions in the IT sector. It might hurt the industry Kris Gopalakrishnan, CEO MD, Infosys Technologies (Forbes rated Infosys among the 5 best performing companies in the software and services sector in the world). The success of the organisation has been unitarist approach. Unitary perspective also overcomes the problems of disputes between rivalry unions. In this method the accountability becomes clear because everyone is assigned a responsibility. Unitary perspective approach towards job regulation is unilateral in internal regulations. A unitary approach manager takes all the decisions without the consultation of the employees as the employer would know best for the employees. If the decision would be put forward to the employees there would be conflicts of interest. For example during the recent recession period, when the companies had to lay off employees it would not be advisable for the organisation to consult its union about whom and how many are to be removed. The union which is formed for the welfare of the employees would not agree to such decisions and hence it would result in strikes (Jet Airways employees calling for a strike because 150 of its employees were given the pink slip. The organisation was going through huge losses and the only way it would reduce its loss would be by reducing its man power which was not accepted by the Union, hence it resulted in strike). Therefore it is necessary for an organisation to limits the powers of trade unions in decision making. When the Theory X and Theory Y- Mc Gregors is taken into consideration it proves that employees of Theory X would oppose any decision taken by the management as the employees under theory X dislike work and do not care about the organisation goals. Thereby it becomes necessary for the management to take the decisions and employees opposing it are seen as irrational. But the organisation does not have any control over the external Job Regulations because external job regulation consists of forces which are partially outside the enterprise. Therefore, the organisation does not have complete control over the external job regulation. In context with the labour contract, the unitary perspective manager recruits the employees for a particular assignment and when an employee enters into a contract with the employer its his/her duty/responsibility to follow instructions given by the employer, as the statement refers anyone opposing it is seen as irrational would be true because when an employee goes against the contract it is irrational or not fulfilling the terms of the contract. The method of negotiations and bargaining is not encouraged in unitary perspective because the organisations face the problem of firstly recognizing the right union (multiple numbers of unions in an organisation has increased). Therefore the only way to solve this problem would be non recognition of unions. If the management needs to make unilateral decisions which has to be accepted by the employees the decision makers need to have a few traits in them. Firstly they should have a problem solving ability and how they can fit into the wider scheme. Secondly they should have a strong desire to achieve the goals, they should be self confident and self disciplined, they should have the ability to listen and communicate effectively. Finally they should be analytical and intelligent (not to intelligent). Robert.H. David Wilson. Managing organisations. (Pg198) When Unitarism is related to the labour process it becomes clear that the management has the whole authority to make all the decisions because in it is perceived that all the raw materials, means of production and the product of labour belongs to the management. Therefore the decisions taken by the management are legitimate and rational as they own everything and anyone opposing would be considered as irrational. The statement holds true in this situation because once a person/organisation is the owner of a particular thing, he/they should have the freedom to do what he/they want to do with it, without anyones interference. When there is a problem with the organisation it is the management that is held responsible for it. For example even if an employee has faulted in his work and the customer may have some problem with it is the organisation that has to pay the compensation to the customers not the employee. The statement is only applicable for a unitary approach organisation but it has its own draw backs which are low employee morale, low productivity and absenteeism, negative attitude towards work/ job, management rivalry, disagreement, incompatibility, incongruence. There may be various reasons for the following. But to avoid the following there has to be a two way communication between the employee and the employer. The above theory can be accepted but to a certain extent as the external factors cannot be controlled by the organisation. Factors like supply, demand, government policies all play a major role in the working of an organisation. Therefore external factors cannot be considered as irrational. The organisation needs to be flexible and change accordingly to the change in external factors. According to Dunlop (1950) industrial relations system consists of three agents management organizations, workers and formal/informal ways they are organized and government agencies. The Du nlops model gives great significance to external or environmental forces. In other words, management, labor, and the government possess a shared ideology that defines their roles within the relationship and provides stability to the system. The Dunlops theory projects that all the actors have to a common understanding; they cannot work without each others support. The effect of a decision taken will have an effect on the other actors; therefore considering there interference is irrational will not help in the smooth running of the organisation. This is the reason why trade unions were formed which represents the employees. Trade unions have been recognised by all the governments. In a free market unions are encouraged as it is a symbol of democracy which allows the employees the right of expression. In the modern day business there are new techniques like Delphi method; Quality Circles are introduced for the betterment of the organisation. This shows employee participation in the de cision making process of the management has become very important; therefore the management considering any opposition from the employees as irrational will be wrong. A unitary approach becomes really hard when the company is a Multi National Company, because the business market would be different in different countries therefore having a unilateral approach may not suite the organisation. To gain a competitive edge the organisation needs to make the best use of its resources and there are more chances of mis communications in unitary approach, which may result into conflicts. A pluralistic perspective completely agrees with the above said statement as a pluralistic manager believes conflicts are inevitable. It is something that cannot be avoided. The only way the conflicts can be solved is by collective bargaining. In a collective bargaining, its a Win-Win situation for both the employers and the employees. It keeps the morale high and even the productivity high. Therefore considering any interference of the employees of the organisation as irrational cannot be justified, its the right of the employee to have a say in the decision taken by the employer as it will be the employees who would be following those decisions. Ex. If an employer decides to extend the shift (working hours) it has to be consulted with the employees as it will be them who would be working for long hours. If the decision is taken without consultation it would result in conflicts. Every organisation has a member representation of the employees because the organisations have understood the importance of employee satisfaction. Therefore the above statement cannot be agreed on if the organisation follows pluralistic approach. Workers in various countries have been opposing the unilateral decision making process. They feel the managers have been mis using their powers. Even though the management owns the organisation it can only buy the labour power it cannot buy labour because labour is not saleable, therefore the management can restrict its decisions to labour power not labour. Therefore any decision taken which affects the labour can be opposed and it would be considered as rational. When pluralism is related to job regulation as stated by Bean (2000) (p.370) it is generally conceded in the liberal democratic world that working people should have the right to participate in the making of decisions that critically affect their working lives. From the above quote it shows the importance of employee involvement in the decision making process. The employers need to understand that employees play a major role in functioning of the organisation, by involving them into the decision making process not only increases the motivation of the employees but also increase the productivity of the employees. In the modern techniques there are various methods adopted like to increase employee participation in the organisation. It may sometimes result in new fresh ideas which may work in favour of the organisation. Therefore considering ideas from the employees while making decision can be very useful. Sometimes these ideas may contradict the decisions of the management, the manage ment needs to analyse the suggestion and implement it if it is for the betterment of the organisation. The management cannot consider these ideas as irrational. While making rules for the organisations various factors influence them, factors like State, the availability of labour. Supply and demand etc. play a crucial role and none of them can be considered as irrational when they oppose the decisions made by the organisation. The draw backs with pluralistic approach would be rivalry between the trade unions, it makes it hard for the organisation to negotiate when there are more than one trade unions and hence the unions and the management would loose valuable time and money in negotiating the problems. It is the duty of the unions to act as a mediator between the employees and management, but the unions have become so political that they just see how the party(the political) party they represent is benefitted. Example. TATA Nano project was shifted from Singhur (West Bengal, India) to Gujarat (India) because the opposition party wanted to put the ruling government down. There was loss of employment for the state (west Bengal) when the company made the decision to move out, and the union did not achieve any gain out of it. Therefore it can be concluded that the unions no longer work for the welfare of the employees, they have diverted themselves to work for the political party that is supporting them. The Marxist approach states that the management makes profit by exploiting the labourers, i.e. by paying them low wage compared to the work they have done. Conclusion From the above arguments and analysis it becomes clear that the argument is an Management regards its own unilateral decision-making over Human Resource issue as legitimate and rational; any opposition to it, either internal or external to the organisation, is applicable only in Unitary Perspective but this can be implemented in very Public/Private sectors. Some organisations have been successful after adopting such approach but this method cannot be adopted in all sectors as in this fast growing business world and the rate of attrition increasing it becomes very essential for an organisation to take care of its employees and other concerns which are attached to the company, considering their opposition as irrational can be very easily be a reason for the downfall of the organisation. An organisation may enjoy supreme authority when they have a unitary approach but the organisation to decide its transfers and promotions very carefully. It would play a major role because if a manager is recruited from outside the organisation may not be able to adapt to the organisations culture and there would be regular oppositions for his decisions. From the above essay we can argue that no one type of perspective is suitable for all organisations. Some companies may adopted a particular perspective and been successful but it does not confirm that all companies will be successful by following such a perspective. An organisation may have both Theory X category employees and even Theory Y category employees, it is the responsibility of the managers to use the resources available and make the best use of them. To conclude from the above essay it can be concluded that an organisation needs to be flexible but also needs to have authority over its employees. The management needs to take suggestion from its employees but the final decision needs to be taken by the management and its the duty of the employees to follow the decisions as they are under contract/agreement with the employer to render there services to the organisation. The management can have complete control over its internal part of the organisation and anyone opposing it would be going against the contract therefore can be considered as irrational but this can be said the same towards the external forces, the management does not have complete control over them, and considering their opposition as irrational would not be appropriate. Both the perspectives have their own advantages and disadvantages, its the responsibility of the management to balance their business and make profits after all- The only and only social responsibili ty of a business is to make profits- Milton Friedman (Noble Prize in economics).

Leonhard Euler Essay -- essays research papers

Leonhard Euler Euler made large bounds in modern analytic geometry and trigonometry. He made decisive and formative contributions to geometry, calculus and number theory. Born: 15 April 1707 in Basel, Switzerland Died: 18 Sept 1783 in St Petersburg, Russia Introduction Euler's father wanted his son to follow him into the church and sent him to the University of Basel to prepare for the ministry. However geometry soon became his favourite subject. Euler obtained his father's consent to change to mathematics after Johann Bernoulli had used his persuasion. Johann Bernoulli became his teacher. He joined the St. Petersburg Academy of Science in 1727, two years after it was founded by Catherine I the wife of Peter the Great. Euler served as a medical lieutenant in the Russian navy from 1727 to 1730. In St Petersburg he lived with Daniel Bernoulli. He became professor of physics at the academy in 1730 and professor of mathematics in 1733. He married and left Johann Bernoulli's house in 1733. He had 13 children altogether of which 5 survived their infancy. He claimed that he made some of his greatest discoveries while holding a baby on his arm with other children playing round his feet. The publication of many articles and his book Mechanica (1736-37), which extensively presented Newtonian dynamics in the form of mathematical analysis for the first time, started Euler on the way to major mathematical work. In 1741, at the invitat...

Schizophrenia and B. Axis I.

Your professor asks you on what axis diabetes would fall under. You answer: A. Axis II. B. Axis I. C. Axis III. ** D. Axis V. 2. Brian often interrupts his teacher while she is speaking and frequently forgets to complete his homework assignments. He also has difficulty taking turns in playground games with classmates. Brian most clearly exhibits symptoms of: A. obsessive-compulsive disorder. B. psychosis. C. attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. ** D. anxiety disorder. 3.Gena believes that people with psychological disorders are suffering from diseases that have physical causes that can be diagnosed, treated, and sometimes even cured. Gena believes in the _____________ model of psychological disorders. A. medical** B. humanistic C. psychoanalytic D. biopsychosocial 4. If you have an intense fear of speaking in public, eating out, or going to parties, you may be suffering from: A. generalized anxiety disorder. B. dysthymic disorder. C. obsessive-compulsive disorder. D. social phob ia. ** 5. Thirty-five-year-old Lucy needs to have her blood taken.She is so distraught by this that she must mentally prepare herself for it as well as take a short-acting sedative. Lucy seems to be suffering from a(n): A. dissociative disorder. B. phobia. ** C. major depressive disorder. D. low self-esteem. 6. Lenore is continually tense and plagued by muscle tension, sleeplessness, and an inability to concentrate. Lenore most likely suffers from a(n): A. generalized anxiety disorder. ** B. phobia. C. dysthymic disorder. D. obsessive-compulsive disorder. 7. Depression is: A. more commonly suffered by men than women. B. less common than dissociative disorders.C. more common than phobias. D. the number one reason people seek mental health services. ** 8. Amanda blames herself for her recent job loss. Her therapist suggests that her depression results from this self-blame, rather than blame of the slumping economy. Her therapist's suggestion best illustrates a: A. social-cognitive per spective. B. DSM-IV-TR diagnosis. C. linkage analysis. D. medical model. 9. In the United States, there are ___________ suicides annually. A. 50,000 B. 20,000 C. 30,000** D. 40,000 10. One of the hallmarks of schizophrenia is disorganized thinking.Theorists suggest that people with such disorganized thoughts have: A. increased working memory capacity. B. low levels of dopamine. C. a breakdown in selective attention. D. increased selective attention. 11. The relationship between the season in which people are born and their subsequent risk of schizophrenia best highlights the role of ____________ in this disorder. A. learned helplessness B. oxygen deprivation C. viral infections D. glutamate receptors 12. Victor's mother is frustrated because she cannot get Victor involved in any activities.Although he has been diagnosed with schizophrenia, she still expects him to do things around the house. But, most days he sits in a chair, with no expression on his face. His absence of appropriat e behavior is known as: A. delusional thinking. B. positive symptoms. C. negative symptoms. D. disordered thinking. 13. _____________ are characterized by inflexible and enduring maladaptive character traits that impair social functioning. A. Neurotic disorders B. Mood disorders C. Personality disorders D. Psychotic disorders 14. Stacy has to be the life of the party.She wears revealing clothing, even around her married friends' husbands. This behavior has upset a number of her friends, especially when one of their boyfriends asked her out. On any given weekend, Stacy can be seen at a club dancing on a table or in the laps of various men. Stacy would be considered to have a: A. borderline personality disorder. B. schizoid personality disorder. C. narcissistic personality disorder. D. histrionic personality disorder. 15. PET scans illustrate reduced activation in the ____________ lobes of a murderer's cortex. A. parietal B. occipital C. frontal**p. 629 D. temporal

Communications Coordinator Essay

As the Communication Coordinator for this national drug manufacturer, today we will need to brainstorm and discuss how we will address the negative effects that our medication are causing to the public. The local news has already started a witch hunt by allegedly reporting that one of our local officials has suffered from adverse side effects from our medications. How can we address the public regarding this issue without losing business and the trust we created with our investors and our consumers? In today’s meeting we will decide which communication tactic is the most suitable for this situation, while making sure that we stay within the HIPPA guidelines. We will start by discussing the advantages and disadvantages of using traditional media. Traditional media can include newspapers, magazines, radio, and television. There are some great advantages n whey these media outlets would be great in reaching our audience regarding this health scare. Two great traditional methods are newspapers and magazines; they can help because we can be precise and explicit when discussing our issues. Additionally, these methods would provide use with a permanent record of our attempt to reach the public (Advantages and Disadvantages of written communication, 2012). Two other good traditional methods are radio and television. These methods are great because they are very cost effective and will allow us to reach our audience directly and will allow us to show emotion and concern regarding this matter. All of these methods seem like they would work but there are disadvantages with sticking to traditional media outlets instead of using electronic or social media sites. Some valid concerns we have with using electronic or social media sites. Some main concerns we have with using traditional media is that it can only reach a limited amount of people and we are restricted to a small scope of listeners and readers. In addition, feedback is not immediate like electronic or social media sites.

How to Register for the SAT

How to Register for the SAT It probably feels like such a big step when you make plans to register for the SAT. First, you have to figure out what the Redesigned SAT even  is,  and then decide between that and the ACT. Then, once youve decided youre going to take the SAT, you need to figure out the  SAT Test Dates and follow these easy instructions to  register to make sure you have a spot on test day.   Benefits of Registering for the SAT Online There are a ton of good reasons to complete your registration online. In most cases, youll have to. Only a few people can complete their registration via the mail. But if you do complete your registration online, youll get an immediate registration confirmation so you wont be left wondering if youve done it correctly or not. Youll also be able to choose your test center and SAT test date in real-time, which gives you immediate access to real-time availability. Youll get online access for corrections to your registration and printing of your admissions ticket, which youll need to bring with you to the testing center. Plus, youll get easy access to  Score Choiceâ„ ¢ to select scores from prior test dates to send to colleges, universities, and scholarship programs.   How To Register for the SAT Online In order to register for the SAT online, complete the following steps: Set aside 45 minutesGo to the SAT registration website  or ask your high school counselor for flyers that explain how to register.  Click Sign-up Now once youve entered the website.Create a College Board Profile (Stuff youll need to know before you begin!)Pay!Receive your registration confirmation and youre finished! Qualifications to Register for the SAT by Mail Not just anyone can register by mail. You have to meet some qualifications. In order to register for the SAT by mail,  one or more of the following has to be true: You want to pay by check or money order. You obviously cant do that online.  You are younger than 13. In fact, if youre testing and youre under the age of 13, the College Board requires you to register via mail.You need to test on a Sunday for religious reasons for the first time. If its your second time testing on a Sunday, you can register online.  There isnt a test center near your home. You can request a test center change via mail, but you cant online. On the registration form, enter code 02000 as your first-choice test center. Leave the second-choice test center blank.Youre testing in  certain countries  that dont have online registration available or are registering through an international representative.You cant upload a digital photo of yourself. If you dont have access to a digital camera or phone, then you can mail in an approved photo with your paper registration. How To Register for the SAT by Mail Obtain a copy of the SAT Paper Registration Guide in your guidance counselors office.Find the College Board code numbers for college majors youre interested in, college and scholarship programs, test centers and high schools. You can find these code numbers on the College Board website by doing a code search or you can ask for the list of codes in your guidance counselors office.Look up your country code. The US code is 000.

The Exclusion of Women from Criminal Studies During the Victorian Era Dissertation

The Exclusion of Women from Criminal Studies During the Victorian Era in England - Dissertation Example In introducing the topic, its importance, the methodology for conducting the study, the first part of my dissertation explains that crime and criminality was first introduced during the Victorian Era. Previously crime was attributed to either the forces of nature, the devil or the supernatural. Thus the Victorian Era is presented as an important milestone in crime and criminality studies as it rejected previous explanations of crime and offending. The first part of my dissertation therefore introduces the reader to the fact that as criminologists turned attention to crime and offending, women were not factored in and when they were, it was by attributed to factors that supported concepts and attitudes relative to the idealization of women during the Victorian Era. The first part of my dissertation touches on the prevailing school of thought influencing crime and criminality studies and the rather dismissive approach to female offending. Cesare Lombroso, a 19th century criminologists is introduced as the father of criminology. It is revealed that Lombroso influenced much of the criminology studies and he in turn was influenced by Darwin’s theory of evolution, arguing that crime was biological in nature (Tibbets 2011, p. 80). The first part of my dissertation thus sets the conceptual framework for conducting the study. It is essentially revealed that Lombroso’s work during the 19th century set the bar for the neglect of women in crime and criminality studies. For Lombroso, women crime was unnatural for women and women who offended were either masculine or mentally deficient. Even the occasional normal women who committed crimes were described by Lombroso as essentially male-like. Based on this conceptual framework, the remainder of the dissertation seeks to explain why women were neglected in Victorian Era crime and criminality studies. Women were regulated so as to keep them at home and out of the work place. Part II This part of my dissertation fo cuses on the role and treatment of women in Victorian England and explains that the laws, practices and policies of Victorian England commanded that women were both domestic and subordinate. Shanley (1993) informs that these practices and laws were calculated to ensure that women remained at home â€Å"bearing and raising children† (p. 79). Women were thus categorized and relegated to a purely biological function connected to their â€Å"sexual and reproductive capacities† (Shanley 1993, pp. 79-80). This part of my dissertation looks more directly at the laws that marginalized women based on this prevailing view of women. The laws examined are the Matrimonial Causes Act 1857 in which men could obtain a divorce on the grounds of adultery per se, but a woman had to prove cruelty or desertion together with adultery. Thus men and women were treated quite differently with men receiving greater rights and authority than women. Other 19th century laws reflecting the gender di fferentiations were the Contagious Diseases Acts, Infant Life Protection Act and the Factory Acts. These Acts are examined as a means of substantiating the claim that women were subjected to a prescribed domestic role and segregated from men and the public life. Part II of my dissertation examines the influence of science and nature during the Victorian Era

Project management Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Project management - Term Paper Example Notably, the Ineum Constancy was acquired in the year 2006 while Kurt Salmon Associates was acquired in the year 2007. Originally, PLC Company was named after its founder Alexander Proudfoot PLC; however, in the year 1993, that name was change to Proudfoot PLC. In January 2011, Proudfoot PLC changed its name to the current name Management Consulting Group, PLC. Initially, the Alexander Proudfoot Company was operating in Chicago particularly immediately after it was formed in the 25 February 1946 before later moving to Oxford Street. The main reason for the formation of Alexander Proudfoot Company was that its founder was highly fascinated with challenges that were affecting the consulting firms during his time. Moreover, he was never pleased with manner in which these firms were being operated; therefore, he decided to set up a new company that would offer an alternative consultation services (Marans17). According to Alexander, his new consulting company was to provide two main servi ces that included selling unique proprietary services or products that aimed at producing tangible outcomes (Major Companies of Europe 14). Furthermore, he wanted his new consulting company to have benefits that exceeded costs immensely. ... considered business best practice in the consultancy was immensely pegged on the ancient philosophies including those of Plato, Aristotle, and Socrates. In fact, the same philosophical approach was used and has been used to govern both the internal and the external management in all the consultancy engagements of the company (Major Companies of Europe 14). This management type has become a global entity that governs the strategies and consultancy management of the merged Kurt Salmons Associates and the Ineum Consultants. Apparently, these philosophies have managed to enable effective and efficient operation and management as well as the performance of this consultancy since its merger in January 2011. The Ineum Constancy was made founded from the France Consulting division such as Deloitte. Ineum was specialized in corporate strategy, corporate organization, and issues that are related to information systems. Until its merger, Ineum had nearly 1,300 employees across the world includi ng in countries including Australia, France, Morocco, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Algeria, Tunisia, the United States, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom. The company has different offices globally to facilitate its operations (Major Companies of Europe 14). The company also had some of its offices in Unite Kingdom where it had experienced rapid growth and growth in the staff members. It has been noted that the firm is expecting increase in the number of staff numbers in its head offices in the United Kingdom. Project Background The current numbers of employees of the PLC Company are approximated at 500 a number in which is expected to increase. Currently, 200 of the employees are postulated to be working at the office with each having a desk and a working station. However, the