The Theories Of Punishment Article - 1571 Words

In The Theories of Punishment article in the legal dictionary, it goes over the different theories that the government has on the use of punishment. In the utilitarian philosophy laws are meant to increase the happiness of society by eliminating crime. They realize that the possibility of a crime-free world is non-existent, so minimizing the rate of crime is the only solution to a happy life for the citizens. â€Å"†¦laws that specify punishment for criminal conduct should be designed to deter future criminal conduct,† (Theories of Punishment). There is no extent to the force of punishment; punishment should never be limited if crime is to be at a minimum. In the utilitarian philosophy, punishment is meant to deter crimes from happening again in†¦show more content†¦Another form of punishment is rehabilitation. Rehabilitation gives the criminals that are locked away a chance to succeed in jail or prison. â€Å"The goal of rehabilitation is to prevent future crim e by giving offenders the ability to succeed within the confines of the law,† (Theories of Punishment). Another base of punishment is through retribution. A criminal based on their past crimes will be punished accordingly for their criminal history and the severity of their crimes. The third major rationale for criminal punishment is denunciation. The denunciation theory is a mix between utilitarianism and retribution. It is utilitarian in the way that it makes their punishment public with the deterrent and retribution plays a part when the criminal is being punished. The article Sentencing Guidelines: Reflections on the Future discusses sentencing policies. The guidelines for sentencing varies with the policy. Guidelines, initially, were meant to keep defendants from being mistreated with their sentencing compared to similar criminal acts as well as discretion or lack of uniform. As time went by it was used as a way to predict sentencing. Now in many states computer based machines can calculate the dollar amount that will or can be used in order to meet the states sentencing policies. â€Å"In some States, this use of guidelines led in turn to the realization that they could be used to shape sentencing policy to fit resource levels that had

Biography on Princess Elizabeth Alexandra Mary - 1369 Words

April 21, 1926 at 2:40 in the morning at 17 Bruton Street in Mayfair, London; The Duke and Duchess of York gave birth to their first child, a daughter, but also a princess. Princess Elizabeth Alexandra Mary was christened in the chapel at the Buckingham Palace. The Princess received her first name after her mother Elizabeth; while she received her middle name from her paternal great grandmother, Queen Alexandra, and paternal grandmother, Queen Mary. She spent her early years at One Hundred Forty Five Piccadilly, London, and White Lodge in the Richmond Park. She also spent time in country homes with her paternal grandparents, and her mother’s parents. She had gained a sister when she was four, Princess Margaret Rose. When Princess Elizabeth was 6 years old, her parents took over the Royal Lodge in Windsor Great Park as their own country home. (â€Å"The Official Website of The British Monarchy†) Queen Elizabeth was home schooled with her younger sister, Princess Margaret. After her father had succeeded to the throne, she started studying constitutional history and law for preparation for her future role as queen. ( â€Å"The Official Site of the British Monarchy†) She also learned French to use when speaking to ambassadors and heads of state of French speaking countries, and when visiting French speaking areas. The Queen also studied extracurricular activities such as art and music. She also learned to ride and became a strong swimmer, when she was thirteen she won theShow MoreRelated The Legacy of Queen of Elizabeth II Essay888 Words   |  4 Pagesbible† (Bradford 4). At the young age of twenty five, Princess Elizabeth Alexandra Mary became Queen. The Queen is now the second-longest reigning Monarch in England, reigning for fifty nine years thus far. From the day of her coronation until present time, her daily actions have reflected on the entire country and Commonwealth. Her impact is very significant; she holds real and r eserved powers for the entire Commonwealth. Queen Elizabeth was born on April 21, 1926 in London. Queen Elizabeth’sRead MoreWoman of the Year: 1953-Queen Elizabeth Ii1009 Words   |  5 PagesWoman of the Year: 1953-Queen Elizabeth II From the day she was born, the life of Queen Elizabeth II shows that she deserved to receive the title Woman of the Year. She had practical intelligence since she was a kid and she respected peoples opinions. Queen Elizabeth II was born on April 21, 1926 at the London home of her mothers parents, Lord and Lady Strathmore. She was baptized at Buckingham Palace and named Elizabeth Alexandra Mary five weeks later. Elizabeths father was AlbertRead MoreQueen Elizabeth II: A Biography3515 Words   |  14 PagesQueen Elizabeth II EXECUTIVE SUMMARY: Queen Elizabeth II might be one of the most influential monarchs living today in this era of the democratic states. With her rule over the Commonwealth Nations lasting for over fifty years, the Queen has been very much popular with the public, not just in Great Britain or amongst the Commonwealth Nations, but also amongst all the nations of the world. The Queens life might have only begun as the first child to the Duke and Duchess of York, but instantly sheRead MoreThe Life of Queen Elizabeth Ii1407 Words   |  6 PagesThe Life of Queen Elizabeth II Queen Elizabeth II was born Princess Elizabeth Alexandra Mary on April 21, 1926 in London (â€Å"Queen Elizabeth II†). Her father was Prince Albert, Duke of York, and her mother was Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon. Elizabeth was never meant to become queen (Smith 6). From the very start, her life never developed the way it should have. The leadership she shows her, faithfulness, and her compassion tells her people she cares. The life of Queen Elizabeth II isa true journey of an

The Insanity Defense Free Essays

Norval Morris and Stephen Morse offer two contrasting views as to the legitimacy of the insanity defense in criminal cases. Morris advocates reducing the weight of the insanity defense from one of special exemption to one of â€Å"diminished responsibility†. Morse offers a defense of the insanity defense as it currently stands. We will write a custom essay sample on The Insanity Defense or any similar topic only for you Order Now The point on which the issue turns is choice. Do the mentally ill have the capacity to understand the law and to intentionally break it? Or does mental illness preclude the possibility of responsibility for one’s actions?Morris argues that freedom of choice exists on a continuum, and that to treat the mentally ill in black and white terms with regard to responsibility is folly. He goes on to argue that other mitigating circumstances, such as socioeconomic status, seem to have a greater causal link to criminal behavior. He concludes that mental illness should be a mitigating circumstance that can be used in reduced sentencing, rather than a special exemption from the law. Morse argues using the basic moral principles called upon to justify the insanity defense, namely a lack of cognitive capacity, which precludes the possibility of responsibility.While Morris raises some good objections to the insanity defense, I am still more inclined to agree with Morse. I agree that in some circumstances, let’s say a patient with a mood disorder, it makes sense to treat the mentally ill as having diminished responsibility. However, to say freedom of choice exists only on some continuum and that no one is ever completely irresponsible for his or her actions seems to me to deny such cases as someone experiencing a fugue state or complete psychotic break. An objection that could be raised (and which Morris does raise) to my viewpoint is one of procedure.Cases in which a criminal act was committed by someone who was not at all responsible for their actions are rare, and opening the door to insanity as a special defense inevitably results in other criminal offenders going unpunished by pretending to mental illness. While this is a legitimate objection that deserves to be addressed, it must be treated as a problem of application rather than one of principle. In any case, I would much prefer to live under a legal system in which some criminals go free than one in which some people who lack the cognitive capacity to commit a crime are punished as if they did. How to cite The Insanity Defense, Papers